Glossary

Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability

Availability is a critical aspect of system design, ensuring that a system remains operational and accessible to users when needed.

Consistency, Availability and Partition Tolerance

Cloud Computing is a technology that delivers computing services—such as servers, storage, databases, networking, software, and analytics—over the internet (“the cloud”).

Data Engineering is the practice of designing, building, and maintaining systems for collecting, storing, processing, and analyzing large volumes of data.

A data lake is a centralized repository designed to store vast amounts of data in its native, raw format.

A data lakehouse is a unified architecture that combines the scalability and flexibility of a data lake with the reliability and queryability of a data warehouse.

Data Transformation is the process of converting data from one format, structure, or type into another to make it suitable for analysis, storage, or integration.

A data warehouse is a centralized repository designed to store, manage, and analyze large volumes of structured data from various sources.

A distributed system is a collection of independent computers that appear to its users as a single coherent system.

ELT is a modern approach to data integration that differs from the traditional ETL process. In ELT, data is first extracted from source systems, loaded into a target system, and then transformed within the target system.

ETL is a process used in data integration and data warehousing to collect data from various sources, transform it into a consistent format, and load it into a target system (e.g., a data warehouse or database).

Fault tolerance is the ability of a system to continue operating correctly even when some of its components fail.

Spark transformations on RDDs, DataFrames, and Datasets are not executed immediately when they are defined. Instead, they are only executed when an action is called.

OLAP is a type of database system designed to analyze large volumes of historical data from multiple perspectives. It enables users to perform complex analytical queries and generate reports in DW/BI.

OLTP is a type of database system designed to manage transactional applications. It focuses on processing large numbers of small, short-lived transactions in real-time, ensuring data integrity and consistency.

ODS is a database designed to integrate data from multiple sources for operational reporting and real-time decision-making.

Reliability is the ability of a system to perform its required functions under stated conditions for a specified period of time.

Scalability is the ability of a system to handle increased load or growth without compromising performance, reliability, or functionality.