| Dataset | DataFrame | RDD |
|---|---|---|
| Spark v1.6 in 2015 | Spark v1.3 in 2013 | Spark v1.0 in 2011 |
| Type-safe | Not type-safe | Type-safe ?? |
| High level API | High level API | Low level API |
| Encoders | Catalyst | Tungsten? |
| Optimization | Catalyst Optimizer | No Optimization |
| OOPS Style API | SQL Style API | OOPS Style API |
| What to do Approach | What to do Approach | How to do Approach |
| Scala, Java | Scala, Java, Python, R | Scala, Java, Python, R |
| Structured Schema | Structured Schema | No Schema |
| Compile Time Error | Run Time Error | Compile Time Error |
| Serialization can be avoided | Serialization can be avoided | Serialization can’t be avoided |